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Air Liquid Interface
Exploring ALI Exposures: From Cell Lines to Endpoints

Traditional submerged cell culture techniques have well-known limitations for aerosol exposure studies; for instance, the impact of exposure dilution within the media and the poor solubility/sedimentation of some exposure particles1. Air liquid interface (ALI) cultures are a technique whereby cells are grown on a microporous membrane insert, immersed in a media-containing well.

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E-cigarette Vapour Deposition

E-cigarette vapour composition is influenced by a number of factors. Some of which relate to the device physically (battery charge, wattage/temperature control, puffing profile) and others to the e-liquid itself (proportion of propylene glycol and glycerol, amount of nicotine, pH of solution). Standardizing how we study these devices will be key to understanding their impact.

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Reproducible e-Cigarettes Exposure Environments

Studies addressing the potential risks associated with electronic cigarette (e-cig) usage are urgently needed, given their rising use and popularity, especially in youth. Coordinated efforts are required to tackle the challenge of addressing key scientific questions, as there is a diversity of devices and e-liquid formulations that exists, as well as various ways in which the aerosol can be generated.

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Circadian Rhythm Effects Lung Function

The circadian rhythm regulates many physiological parameters including lung function, immune responses, and cardiopulmonary function. The master circadian pacemaker is located in the anterior of the hypothalamus, also called the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). The SCN receives inputs from environmental cues, such as light and temperature and modulates downstream vital biological functions in an oscillatory fashion.

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Inhalation Exposure Systems for Nicotine Delivery

Since the effects on the central nervous system (CNS) can depend on the method of administration, traditional methods of nicotine delivery such as cigarette smoke and e-cigarette vapor inhalation, provide relevant translational outcomes for clinical investigations.

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Oxygen Saturation (SPO2) Monitoring During Pulmonary Studies

Oxygen saturation is the fraction of oxygen-saturated hemoglobin relative to total hemoglobin (unsaturated + saturated) in the blood. A very precise and specific balance of oxygen in the blood is necessary to keep the body functioning properly. Monitoring these changes provides complimentary outcomes and a means to quantify subject stress during an experiment.

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